Neon Green Anacropora

Anacropora is a relatively lesser-known genus of coral within the family Acroporidae, which includes other popular SPS corals like Acropora and Montipora. Anacropora species are native to the Indo-Pacific region and are prized for their unique growth forms and vibrant colors. Although they are not as commonly encountered in reef aquariums as Acropora, they are becoming more sought after by advanced reef hobbyists due to their unique appearance and fast growth.

Description of Anacropora Coral:

• Appearance:

  • Growth Form: Anacropora species typically exhibit a branching or sub-massive growth form, similar to Acropora, but the branches tend to be more slender and flexible. The corals often have a delicate and somewhat open structure, giving them a "feathery" or "airy" appearance compared to the more tightly clustered growth of other SPS corals.
  • Color: Anacropora corals are known for their brilliant colors, which can include shades of green, purple, blue, and pink. Under strong lighting, they often display vibrant hues and may exhibit color changes depending on environmental factors such as lighting, water quality, and the presence of symbiotic zooxanthellae.
  • Polyps: The polyps of Anacropora corals are small, and the coral often appears to be covered in fine, hair-like extensions. When fully extended, the polyps can give the coral a "fuzzy" look, contributing to its overall delicate appearance.

• Species and Varieties: Anacropora is a genus with several species, although it is still not as extensively studied or classified as other Acroporids. Some of the more commonly encountered species in the aquarium trade include Anacropora nasuta and Anacropora sp., which are typically found in more specialized reef tank setups.

Care Guide for Anacropora Coral:

Anacropora corals are considered challenging to care for and are best suited for experienced reef aquarists. They share many care requirements with other SPS corals, but because of their more delicate structure, they can be a bit more sensitive to changes in water quality, lighting, and flow.

1. Lighting:

• Intensity: Anacropora corals require high lighting to thrive. They depend on their zooxanthellae for nutrition via photosynthesis, so strong lighting is essential. Use metal halide, LED, or T5 fluorescent lights with high PAR levels in the range of 200–400.
• Lighting Spectrum: A light spectrum between 14,000K and 20,000K is ideal for enhancing the color and growth of Anacropora corals. This range mimics the natural reef environment and supports the photosynthetic activity of the coral's symbiotic algae.
• Location in the Tank: Position Anacropora corals higher in the aquarium where they will receive the maximum light intensity, typically in the upper to middle regions of the reef.

2. Water Parameters:

Anacropora corals are sensitive to poor water quality, so it's important to maintain very stable water conditions. Regular monitoring and attention to water parameters are essential for success.

• Salinity: Maintain salinity between 1.024 and 1.026 specific gravity.
• pH: The ideal pH range is between 8.1 and 8.4.
• Alkalinity: Keep alkalinity in the range of 8–12 dKH (degrees of carbonate hardness). Stable alkalinity is critical for healthy skeletal development.
• Calcium: Maintain calcium levels around 400–450 ppm to support the coral’s calcium carbonate skeleton.
• Magnesium: Magnesium should be kept between 1250 and 1350 ppm to help stabilize calcium and alkalinity.
• Temperature: Maintain a stable water temperature between 76°F and 80°F (24°C–27°C).
• Nitrate and Phosphate: Keep nitrates below 5–10 ppm and phosphates below 0.03 ppm. High levels of nutrients can lead to poor coloration and potential algae outbreaks that compete with the coral for light and space.

3. Water Flow:

• Anacropora corals prefer moderate to strong water flow to help deliver nutrients and remove waste products. The flow should be random or turbulent, mimicking the natural wave action of the reef.
• Too little flow can result in poor nutrient uptake and stagnation around the coral, while too strong a flow could damage its delicate branches or dislodge the coral.
• Direct flow is generally not recommended, but high flow across the coral's surface is beneficial for keeping debris and detritus off.

4. Placement in the Tank:

• High Placement: Like other SPS corals, Anacropora thrives in high light areas of the aquarium. The middle to upper regions of the tank are ideal, where they will receive strong, direct lighting.
• Spacing: Ensure the coral is given adequate space to grow and spread. Anacropora can be aggressive towards other corals, so it’s important to place them in locations where they will not be shaded or crowded by other species.
• Substrate: Anacropora can be placed on live rock or frag plugs. The substrate should be stable to prevent the coral from being knocked over or damaged.

5. Feeding:

• Anacropora corals are primarily photosynthetic, relying on the energy produced by the zooxanthellae in their tissues. However, they can benefit from occasional supplemental feeding.
• Phytoplankton: Adding fine particulate foods like phytoplankton or coral-specific foods a couple of times a week can encourage better growth and coloration.
• Amino Acids and Trace Elements: Some reefers use aminos or trace element supplements to promote healthy skeletal growth and overall coral vitality.
• Pod Populations: Maintaining a population of copepods and other microfauna in the tank can help feed the coral and other filter-feeding organisms.

6. Maintenance:

• Regular Testing: Regularly test and adjust calcium, alkalinity, and magnesium to keep the water conditions stable. These parameters are critical for the growth and health of SPS corals.
• Algae Control: Since Anacropora corals are sensitive to algae competition, it is essential to keep phosphate and nitrate levels low and control algae growth. A clean-up crew of herbivores (e.g., snails, tangs, or wrasses) can help maintain a clean environment.
• Water Changes: Regular water changes (10-20% per week) can help keep nutrient levels in check and maintain overall tank health.

7. Troubleshooting & Common Issues:

• Color Fading: If the coral begins to lose its vibrant color and turns brown or dull, it could be a sign of insufficient lighting, poor water quality, or unstable water parameters. Ensure that the lighting intensity and water conditions are optimized.
• Slow Growth or Stunted Development: Poor calcium, alkalinity, or magnesium levels, inadequate flow, or nutrient imbalances can result in slow or halted growth. Consistently monitor and adjust these parameters.
• Pests and Disease: Anacropora can sometimes be affected by pests such as flatworms, red bugs, or Aiptasia (a type of anemone). Regularly inspect the coral for signs of pests and treat accordingly.

Conclusion:

Anacropora corals are a beautiful and rewarding addition to advanced reef tanks. They require precise water conditions, strong lighting, and moderate flow to thrive, making them best suited for intermediate to expert reef aquarists. With the proper care, Anacropora can grow into a stunning and fast-growing colony, adding vibrant color and intricate structure to your reef tank. However, given their sensitivity and specific care needs, they are best kept in stable, mature reef tanks with other SPS species.